Tag Archives: elevated liver enzymes

Change of Scenery

Thanks so much to everyone who left comments on the previous post. As you can see from the photo, my little bump in the road got a bit bigger and I am writing this from a hospital bed.

Shortly after I published the previous post, I got a phone call from Dr. Shaw with the results from the local lab. My liver enzymes, rather than going down, had now risen to more than four times their level on Monday. Essentially, my liver was being poisoned. There isn’t an antidote for hepatotoxicity, but Alice (Dr. Shaw) wanted me to come in for monitoring. Significantly elevated liver enzymes (ALT/SGPT and AST/SGOT) are a sign that rapid cell death or injury to the liver has occurred (as the cells die they lyse, or break apart, and release enzymes into the blood stream). However, even a severely injured liver can maintain function. My circulating levels of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were both within normal limits, which was reassuring. In the case of actual liver malfunction, they would be elevated as well. However, should the ALT/AST continue to rise, function could be affected as well.

So, off to the hospital I went. Initially I was assigned to a double in an acute care wing. Dr. Shaw checked in and then it was time for some tests. Around 10 pm my liver enzymes were tested once again and they were slightly lower than the one that morning but still quite high. I had a chest x-ray as I was still coughing (and the levaquin was now being held as well) but it came back clear for pneumonia. I was poked and prodded and asked if it hurt until it finally did. I was given an ultrasound of my abdomen, which showed no lesions (thank goodness for that). And, just to rule out anything else that could have instigated the elevation, I was tested for everything under the sun that could affect liver enzymes. Hepatitis, HIV, Epstein-Barr, drugs and alcohol (just in case the patient wasn’t disclosing!).

My roommate was a lovely woman, but anything other than a private room in the hospital is just really hard. Two people, both sick but generally not in the same way, a shared bathroom and a very modest space full of apparatus that is often beeping loudly, a parade of doctors, nurses and visitors as well as the inability to not hear everything that is being said and happening on the other side of the curtain which divided us. It is really not conducive to sleep or healing.

Fortunately, by late Friday, a room had opened in the Lunder building. It is a new wing of Massuchetts General Hospital which is devoted to cancer patients. It is located directly adjacent to the Yawkey center, where I receive my outpatient care. All the rooms are private, spare and modern  and graced with large windows as well as pull out couches for visitors. It’s really nice.

So, that’s where I’ve been hanging out. Aside from a twelve hour period of diarrhea (unrelated to the liver, so more tests) I have felt under the weather, but not too bad. Each day my enzymes have been a bit lower; at first the change was incremental, but the downward pace is increasing. My appetite is coming back as well, and I’m starting to feel restless (a good sign).

It’s now Sunday. Half an hour ago I was handed my discharge papers. My ALT is still in the triple digits, but at this rate, I should be back to normal soon. Once home, I will resume the levaquin (now felt safe to reintroduce) as my chest infection has lingered. On Tuesday I’ll be back in Boston for more labs, a chest CT scan and a quick meeting with Alice. The big question will be, where do we go from here?

One two punch: medical and emotional update

First to the heart, and then to the gut. Last Thursday, undone by the passing of yet another friend, I was given the go ahead to get back on prozac. I’d made it four months without chemical support and the decision to return to an antidepressant was not made lightly. I had become such a cry baby and it was beginning to feel untenable. I may be strong, I may be brave (most of the time) but I suck at sad.

By the weekend, it was clear that the tickle in my chest had bigger plans. Come Sunday I was feeling plenty sick with a chest/sinus infection. On Monday I was at MGH for labs, and asked to see a nurse. I knew I’d need an antibiotic, but the LDK 378 is an occasional challenge for my gastrointestinal track and in December I’d taken a single 750 mg tablet of Levaquin to rather disastrous results.  I was concerned about what havoc a full course of antibiotics might wreak.

My sodium was trending low and in anticipation of some GI disturbances we talked about the possibility of an IV boost. She got me a sputum cup for a culture. But then my liver enzymes came back and the levels were significantly higher than they had been a week ago. My lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), an indicator of inflammation, was also elevated.

Game plan changed. The degree of liver enzyme elevation I had (greater than ten times normal) constitutes a grade 3 event in a clinical trial. Dr. Shaw joined us and explained that I would need to go off drug, at least until my enzymes came down.

It’s called a drug holiday, but not as much fun as it sounds.

I am on a lower than my usual dose of Levaquin (500mg) for the chest and sinus infection. There is a chance that the addition of fluoxetine (prozac) mitigated the dramatic fluctuation. The thought was to stay on prozac and see if my levels came down. On Tuesday, really feeling lousy, my appetite nowhere to be found, I decided that I would just stop taking it. If a boat is taking on water, you throw everything that is not essential over the side.

Today I  had lab work done locally. My hope is that the levels are receding; if they should come down enough I could start back on trial in a week. If they haven’t, than it may be that something other than the trial drug or the prozac is causing the elevation. Had I stayed on the prozac, it obviously would have made it easier to rule out the trial drug, but I just wasn’t willing to do that. Next Tuesday I have more labs, a CT scan and a previously unscheduled chat with Dr. Shaw to see where we’re at with all this.

In the meantime, I’m resting a lot, eating what I can (David is a great pusher of food) and crossing my fingers that this is just a bump in the road.

Playing the numbers

Slow, but steady. The results are in from my recent CT scan and 40% resolution has eased on up to 45%. A significant five percent, as the negative side effects (gastrointestinal issues) from LDK378 have increased in intensity as well.  Dr. Shaw and I had spoken about possibly moving my dose back down to 400 mg if there had been no incremental improvement in tumor burden.

The Radiology Report is less cheering, although certainly is not what I would characterize as a bad report. It reads:

IMPRESSION:  Persistent groundglass opacities in the anterior and inferior left lung and along the right minor fissure. The opacities in the left lung are slightly more prominent. There are no definite new lesions.

It’s all a curious algorithm; this response/non-response thing. “Tumor size has traditionally been estimated from bidimensional measurements (the product of the longest diameter and its longest perpendicular diameter for each tumor)” (quoted from an article in the Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology) Basically, a linear measurement, which is quite dependent upon the outside diameter of a lesion, is used to estimate volume. Baseline measurements are taken at the onset of a particular treatment, and response (and/or stability or progression) is assessed by comparing successive scans to the initial chest CT. Evidently my earlier 40% (https://lifeandbreath.wordpress.com/2011/12/14/big-four-oh/) was not the cutoff for partial response but rather exceeded it. I should have done my homework. From Wikipedia:

Evaluation of target lesions

  • Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all target lesions
  • Partial Response (PR): At least a 30% decrease in the sum of the LD of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum LD
  • Stable Disease (SD): Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum LD since the treatment started
  • Progressive Disease (PD): At least a 20% increase in the sum of the LD of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesion

Odd as well is the 5% increase in response coupled with the possible area of greater consolidation noted on the radiology report. Which to me illustrates the limitations of any sort of quantitative measurements; it is all seems a bit hypothetical/ best guess sort of stuff. Data collection. Bottom line, my lungs feel and sound pretty darn good.

The numbers on my labs are closer to normal as well; the oral iron supplement I began taking several weeks ago is helping.

The one concern of the moment is my liver enzymes, transaminases-SGOT and SGPT.

So what is a transaminase? From MedicineNet.com: The transaminases are enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions in the body in which an amino group is transferred from a donor molecule to a recipient molecule. (!)

SGOT is an acronym for serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and SGPT for serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Just in case you wanted to know. What is really relevant is that they are enzymes in the liver and elevated values of either can be an indicator of liver inflammation.

My SGOT/SGPT values were ever so slightly elevated the entire time I was on crizotinib. When I went off treatment they fell to normal levels, but soon after my first dose of LDK378, the levels again became slightly elevated. After my dose went up to 500 mg, the values began to rise again.  My SGOT level peaked at 84 a week ago and is now down to 67. The normal reference range for SGOT is 9-32 U/L  (units per liter of serum–the liquid part of blood). My SGPT was at 79 last week and this week  topped out at 102. Normal reference ranges for SGPT are 7-30 U/L.

Hopefully the SGPT has peaked and will start to go down. In the meantime, a glass of wine in the evening is not an option. Sadly, we’ve been invited to a wine tasting party this very weekend (for the oenophiles out there, all with a rating of 93 or above). When I asked Alice (Dr Shaw) if I’d be able to participate, she said, “Wine tasting is just sips of wine, right?” “Well…” I replied, “it can be done that way”.  So I’ve been given clearance to slosh a bit around in my mouth. Just like the real sommeliers. I don’t believe I’ll be able to bring myself to spit it out though; that just wouldn’t be right.